Food environment and overweight in adults: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51723/ccs.v32iSuppl1.998Keywords:
Obesity, Built environment, Food environment, Integrative reviewAbstract
Objective: To analyze studies that assess the relationship between the food environment and overweight in adults.
Methodology: The articles were selected through a Pubmed search using the descriptors and their combinations: “obesity”, “built environment”, “food environment”, “food intake” and “food consumption”. Inclusion criteria were: original articles written with adults, in urban areas and published in the last 10 years. The decision to include or exclude the articles, according to the eligibility criteria, was made, approved, by two evaluators and a reassessment was adopted for the divergent results. 25 articles were selected that quantitatively evaluated the food environment and its relationship with excess of weight in adults.
Results: The reviewed studies used a cross-sectional design and mostly with data collected from secondary sources and buffer as a neighborhood unit. The prevalence of weight ranged from 41.7 to 62.3% and the environmental factors associated with this higher prevalence were grocery stores, fast food restaurants, candy stores and unhealthy food stores.
Conclusion: The heterogeneity in the definition of neighborhood and in the collection of individual data on the environment make it difficult to compare the results of the studies and may explain the divergent associations found. More studies are included to assess aspects of the food environment at work, access, food costs and the population's eating habits in order to specify a more consistent association between overweight and the food environment.
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